{"id":"SIG-HUN-003","country":"Hungary","excerpt":"Hungarian Parliament passes LexNGO 2017 — Law on Transparency of Organisations Receiving Foreign Funds (Act LXXVI of 2017). Organizations receiving more than HUF 7.2 million annually (approximately 24,000 EUR) from foreign sources must register with courts, declare foreign funding, and permanently display a \"foreign funded\" label on all public materials including press releases and reports. Organizations that fail to register face financial penalties; after two warnings the Prosecutor's Office may request court dissolution. The law exempts churches, sports organizations, party foundations, and public foundations — and treats EU funds distributed by the Hungarian state as domestic, while direct EU institutional funding to independent NGOs counts as foreign. European Commission launches infringement proceedings.","date_text":"June 2017","actor_text":"Fidesz; Hungarian Parliament","source_url":"https://helsinki.hu/en/information-note-on-hungarys-lex-ngo-2021/","campaign_id":"HUN-CAMP-001","incident_id":null,"observation":{"target":"Foreign-funded NGOs above HUF 7.2M threshold; organizations critical of government","case_id":"","country":"Hungary","signal_id":"SIG-HUN-003","harm_track":"Track 1 — Legal/Administrative","source_url":"https://helsinki.hu/en/information-note-on-hungarys-lex-ngo-2021/","campaign_id":"HUN-CAMP-001","source_type":"Official/Regulatory","tactic_code":"TC-16","target_type":"Sector","enabler_type":"","trigger_type":"TR-06: Legislative Milestone","actor_primary":"Fidesz; Hungarian Parliament","actor_function":"Executing Actor","campaign_phase":"Phase 4: Legislative Execution","enabler_status":"","event_date_raw":"June 2017","channel_primary":"Official/Regulatory","date_confidence":"approximate","campaigns_served":"HUN-CAMP-001","confidence_notes":"CJEU ruled LexNGO 2017 in breach of EU law June 18 2020 (Case C-78/18) — violated free movement of capital (Article 63 TFEU) and freedom of association. Hungary repealed June 2021 — one year delay — but immediately replaced with LexNGO 2021 (HUN-CAMP-002 opening signal). TEMPLATE SIGNAL: LexNGO 2017 is the legislative template subsequently adapted in Serbia (SRB-CAMP-001, SIG-SRB-014) and BiH (BIH-CAMP-002, SIG-BIH-015). Exemption architecture — churches, party foundations, state-distributed EU funds exempt — mirrors Serbian foreign agent draft law exemption structure exactly.","escalation_stage":"4","narrative_origin":"Domestic","narrative_density":"High","actor_type_primary":"Legislature","source_text_excerpt":"Hungarian Parliament passes LexNGO 2017 — Law on Transparency of Organisations Receiving Foreign Funds (Act LXXVI of 2017). Organizations receiving more than HUF 7.2 million annually (approximately 24,000 EUR) from foreign sources must register with courts, declare foreign funding, and permanently display a \"foreign funded\" label on all public materials including press releases and reports. Organizations that fail to register face financial penalties; after two warnings the Prosecutor's Office may request court dissolution. The law exempts churches, sports organizations, party foundations, and public foundations — and treats EU funds distributed by the Hungarian state as domestic, while direct EU institutional funding to independent NGOs counts as foreign. European Commission launches infringement proceedings.","consequence_category":"Legal/Administrative","secondary_source_url":"https://www.csis.org/blogs/post-soviet-post/hungary-crackdown-civil-society-la-russe-continues","consequence_signal_id":"","event_date_normalized":"2017-06-01","trigger_to_signal_lag":"","primary_narrative_code":"NF-01","consequence_campaign_id":"","primary_narrative_label":"Foreign Agent / Foreign Influence","secondary_narrative_code":"NF-03","institutional_consequence":"NGOs required to register as foreign funded and label all public materials; chilling effect on donors; some donors terminate grant-making in Hungary; European Commission infringement proceedings launched","secondary_narrative_label":"Financial Corruption / AML Framing","signal_to_consequence_lag":"","trigger_event_description":"Legislative follow-through on Baile Tusnád 2014 authorization; timed to coincide with escalating Soros campaign"},"response_id":null,"source_type":"Official/Regulatory","target_text":"Foreign-funded NGOs above HUF 7.2M threshold; organizations critical of government","date_confidence":"approximate","normalized_date":"2017-06-01","confidence_notes":"CJEU ruled LexNGO 2017 in breach of EU law June 18 2020 (Case C-78/18) — violated free movement of capital (Article 63 TFEU) and freedom of association. Hungary repealed June 2021 — one year delay — but immediately replaced with LexNGO 2021 (HUN-CAMP-002 opening signal). TEMPLATE SIGNAL: LexNGO 2017 is the legislative template subsequently adapted in Serbia (SRB-CAMP-001, SIG-SRB-014) and BiH (BIH-CAMP-002, SIG-BIH-015). Exemption architecture — churches, party foundations, state-distributed EU funds exempt — mirrors Serbian foreign agent draft law exemption structure exactly.","secondary_source_url":"https://www.csis.org/blogs/post-soviet-post/hungary-crackdown-civil-society-la-russe-continues"}