{"id":"TUR-034","notes":"FATF instrumentalization model: international compliance pressure converted into domestic CSO restriction tool; precedes FATF grey-listing (TUR-038, October 2021); highest-impact legislative event for Turkish civil society since emergency decrees","country":"Turkey","sources":[{"url":null,"citation":"TUSEV CSO Monitoring Matrix Turkey 2020-2021; Law No. 7262 (27 December 2020); FATF grey-list process documentation"}],"summary":"Law No. 7262 on the Prevention of Financing of the Proliferation of Weapons of Mass Destruction enacted. Despite the security framing, the law's primary operational effect was on civil society: (1) online fundraising via internet now subject to the Collection of Aid Law requiring Ministry of Interior permit; (2) foreign donation notification obligation extended and intensified; (3) risk-based classification system introduced categorising associations as low, medium, or high risk — with high-risk organizations subject to mandatory financial audits by MASAK (Financial Intelligence Unit); (4) Minister of Interior granted power to suspend any association for up to 6 months pending investigation. Law passed without meaningful civil society consultation despite FATF guidance requiring CSO sector input.","tactics":[{"code":"TC-18","role":"primary","label":"Legislative Operationalization","needs_review":false},{"code":"TC-19","role":"secondary","label":"AML/CFT Framework Weaponization","needs_review":false}],"version":1,"channels":["DGRCS","FATF process","MASAK","Ministry of Interior","Parliament"],"entities":[{"id":1121,"name":"Grand National Assembly; Ministry of Interior; MASAK; AKP parliamentary majority","role":"actor","entity_type":"Legislature; State; Financial Intelligence Unit"},{"id":1122,"name":"All CSOs; especially rights-based, foreign-funded, and advocacy organizations","role":"target","entity_type":"CSO"}],"date_text":"27/12/2020","created_at":"2026-09-24T17:50:55.358311+00:00","escalation":5,"harm_track":"Track 1 — Organisational Integrity","narratives":[{"code":"NF-10","role":"primary","label":"Sovereignty Protection / State Security Infrastructure","needs_review":false},{"code":"NF-01","role":"secondary","label":"Foreign Agent / Foreign Influence","needs_review":false}],"report_ids":[],"signal_ids":[],"updated_at":"2026-09-24T17:50:55.358311+00:00","occurred_on":"2020-12-27","campaign_ids":["TUR-CAMP-004"],"enabler_type":"","response_ids":[],"trigger_type":"TR-05: Foreign Authority Signal","campaign_phase":"Phase 2: Institutionalization of Mechanism","civic_response":"TUSEV documented chilling effects on online fundraising; sector consultation excluded from legislative process; ICNL and CIVICUS issued critical analyses; foreign donation volumes reported declining","date_precision":"day","enabler_status":"","campaigns_served":[],"consequence_category":"Legislative Restriction; Financial Surveillance; Administrative Burdening; Executive Suspension Power","institutional_consequence":"Most significant CSO legislative restriction since 2016 emergency decrees; online fundraising now permit-based; MASAK audit authority over civil society operationalized; executive suspension power without judicial predetermination; CSOs report self-censorship on fundraising activities"}